PUBLISHED: May 19, 2024 | www.baltimoresun.com
“Why is Congress so dumb?”
That was the title of a 2019 op-ed written by U.S. Rep. Bill Pascrell Jr., a New Jersey Democrat. In the answer hangs a tale of congressional anemia and languor. The veteran congressman lamented:
“Our available resources and our policy staffs, the brains of Congress, have been so depleted that we cannot do our jobs properly. …Congress is increasingly unable to comprehend a world growing more socially, economically, and technologically multifaceted — and we did this to ourselves.”
While the size of the federal government was mushrooming, staff levels in House member offices ticked down from 6,556 in 1977 to 6,329 in 2021. The annual budget of Congress — the House and Senate combined — is $5.3 billion, a tiny fraction of the $1.5 trillion spent on the military-industrial, security complex. And only 10% of the $5.3 billion is spent on human capital as opposed to buildings, the Capitol Police and maintenance.
Congressman Pascrell underscored, “for every $3,000 the United States spends per American on government programs, [Congress] allocates only $6 to oversee them.”
The Congressman’s diagnosis is spot on. It deserves further amplification.
Congress is largely run by rookies paid miserly wages before moving on after a few years to lucrative lobbying on K Street as a financial necessity. Congress is starved of institutional memory and expertise. Members and staff are constitutionally clueless and political tyros. The executive branch runs circles around them, stiff arms oversight and typically originates major legislation for Congress to entertain.
Congressional staff commonly parachute into high-level and well-paid executive branch positions. The reverse — executive branch talent coming to work for Congress — is as rare as unicorns.
This is a disaster for Congress as a coequal branch of government and the Constitution’s separation of powers. It is also a break in history, tracing back to House Speaker Newt Gingrich, the Georgia Republican, in 1995, who seized the lion’s share of legislative powers from committees and member offices by shrinking their budgets and prerogatives and enfeebling their intellectual infrastructures.
Speaker Gingrich also defunded the Office of Technology Assessment, tantamount to a congressional lobotomy. His objective was to handcuff any challenges by members or committees to his personal policy predilections and compromises with the White House. None of Gingrich’s Republican and Democratic successors — Dennis Hastert, Nancy Pelosi, John Boehner, Paul Ryan, Kevin McCarthy, and Mike Johnson — have undone his dumbing down of Congress.
The typical chief of staff or chief counsel in the House is a recent university or law school graduate in their mid-20s hired primarily because of their loyalty and campaign work. They are awed by the White House and ignorant of the vast powers the Constitution entrusts to the legislative branch, for example, the war power, the power of the purse, the power to supersede treaties or executive orders, and the inherent power of contempt to sanction summarily any executive official for withholding documents or testimony from Congress.
The result, among other things, is secret government and a reliance on whistleblowers, commonly with ulterior motives, to disclose executive branch crimes or wrongdoing in lieu of Congress. In the pre-Gingrich era, the Watergate crimes were exposed by the Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities, and the Church Committee disclosed the crimes and wrongdoing of the intelligence community. In the post-Gingrich era, Congress goes on its hands and knees like Henry IV at Canossa pleading for the White House voluntarily to share information.
The House and Senate Armed Services committees need vastly greater manpower and experts to oversee the nearly trillion-dollar annual unaudited Pentagon spending, where millions have gone unaccounted for.
Congress retains the power to return to the pre-Gingrich era. Under the Constitution, the House and Senate decide their respective budgets with no outside interference. Congress can and should raise salaries and retain experts to attract talent and make serving as congressional staff a financially viable professional career. Congress should institutionalize the recruitment of staff and experts from universities and the private sector based more on competence in discharging constitutional responsibilities and less on personal loyalty or nepotism. Overseeing and reforming a federal government that spends more than $6.5 trillion annually, regulates every nook and cranny of economic life, and groans under a national debt exceeding $34 trillion is too important to do anything less.
President John Quincy Adams left the presidency in 1829. He served in the House of Representatives from 1831 to 1848 where he acquired fame in opposing the Gag Rule, i.e., slavery, and the Mexican-American War fueled by presidential lies. JQA’s congressional service was not a demotion but a professional and constitutional step up. Today, it is inconceivable that a President would follow in JQA’s footsteps. That needs to change fast, or the executive branch will continue to run roughshod over the Constitution, Congress, and the American people.
Armstrong Williams (awilliams@baltsun.com; @arightside) is a political analyst, syndicated columnist and owner of the broadcasting company, Howard Stirk Holdings. He is also part owner of The Baltimore Sun. This column is part of a weekly series written from “The Owner’s Box.”
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